Frecuentes preguntas que necesito responder a menudo sobre AWS. Post en continua actualización.
AWS FAQ
Reply
Category Archives: AWS
AWS Solutions Architect Associate (SAA) 2018 – III
Topics covered: EC2, EBS
EC2
Classes of EC2
- OnDemand: Pay a fixed rate per hour (or per second). Linux by the second, Windows per hour.
- Reserved: 1 year or 3-year terms. Bigger discount.
- Spot: cheaper than OnDemand, the price you want for instance capacity.
- Dedicated Hosts: Physical EC2.
AWS RDS habilitar encriptación “at rest” en RDS existente
Tenemos una RDS en producción que por temas de cualquier índole, queremos convertir en RDS con encriptación “at rest”, es decir, los datos a nivel almacenamiento están encriptados. En un hipotético caso de robo de datos (algo practicamente imposible) los datos no podrían descifrarse sin la pertinente llave KMS.
AWS RDS GP2 y BurstBalance
Recientemente un cliente empezó a experimentar lentitud en su aplicación. En parte motivado por el propio diseño de la misma: ausencia de caché tanto en frontend, como backend, base de datos monolítica, carga de trabajo de operativa y analítica en la misma RDS, etc. Continue reading
AWS Solutions Architect Associate (SAA) 2018 – II
Topics covered: Cloudfront,Storage Gateway, Snowball
CloudFront
Terminology
- Edge Location: this is the location where content is cached and can be used to write too. Separate to an AWS Region/Az. Actually, there are more Edge Locations than AWS regions. EdgeLocation cached files from the origin speeds up delivery to videos, images, etc. Used for S3 Transfer Acceleration.
- Origin can be S3 Bucket, EC2 Instance, ELB or Route53
- Distribution: the name was given to our CDN
- Web distribution: typically used for websites
- RTMP: Used for media streaming
Objects are cached for the life of the TTL (seconds, 24 hours, 86400 by default)
You can clear cached objects, (but you will be charged)
Storage Gateway
- All data transferred between any type of gateway appliance and AWS storage is encrypted using SSL.
- By default, all data stored by AWS Storage Gateway in S3 is encrypted server-side with Amazon S3-Managed Encryption Keys (SSE-S3).
- Also when using the file gateway, you can optionally configure each file share to have your objects encrypted with AWS KMS-Managed Keys using SSE-KMS.
Modes available
-
File Gateway (NFS): Flat files in S3, pdfs, pictures, videos,(stored in S3)
-
Volume Gateway (iSCSI): virtual hard disk
-
Stored Volumes: entire copy of dataset is stored on site and is backup async to S3.
-
Cached Volumes: entire dataset is stored on S3 and the most frequently accessed data is cached on site.
-
-
Gateway-Virtual Tape Library (VTL): backup, create virtual tapes and send to S3.
File Gateway (NFS)
Files stored as objects in s3 Bucket accessed through an NFS. Ownership, permissions, timestamps durably stored in S3. Once files are transferred to S3, they can be managed as native S3 objects, and bucket policies such as versioning, lifecycle management, cross-region replication, etc
Volume Gateway (iSCSI)
Virtual Hard Disks presented at on-premises via iSCSI and you backup them to S3. Data written to these volumes can be asynchronously backed up as point-in-time snapshots of your volumes and stored as EBS snapshots. Snapshots are incremental.
Stored Volumes
Let you store your primary data locally while asynchronously backing up that data to AWS. Low latency access to their entire datasets, with durable backups. Data written to your stored volumes is stored on your on-premises storage hardware. This data is backed up to AWS S3 in the form of EBS Snapshots.
Cached Volumes
Lets you use S3 as your primary data storage while retaining frequently accessed data locally in your storage gateway. Most recent data is on-premises storage hardware. Old data is in S3. Cached volumes offer substantial cost savings on primary storage and minimize the need to scale your storage on-premises.
Tape Gateway
Supported by NetBackup, Backup Exec, Veaam, etc. Instead of having physical tapes, you have virtual tapes.
SnowBall
Old service was Import/Export
ReInvent 2015 announced
Import/Export
You send your own disks
Snowball Standard
Snowball is petabyte-scale data transport that uses secure appliances to transfer large amounts of data into AWS.
AWS Snowball device costs less than AWS Snowball Edge
Up to 80 TB
Snowball in all regions.
256-bit encryption.
TPM standard industry.
Transferring data is simple, fast, secure and cheap. Once the data transfer job has been processed and verified, AWS performs a software erasure of Snowball Appliance.
SnowBall Edge
100 TB transfer device with on board storage and compute capabilities.
To move into and out of AWS, temporary storage tier for large local datasets.
SnowBall AWS datacenter in a box
Snowmobile
Is a truck container.
100 PetaBytes. Massive volumes of data to the cloud. Only US.
Datacenter migration to AWS
AWS Solutions Architect Associate (SAA) 2018 – I part
En este post dejaré algunas notas que tomé para poder estudiar para el AWS SASS. Utilizo Evernote para guardar notas pero con el paso del tiempo he decidido retomar el blog ya que es una mejor manera de tener mis notas actualizadas. Actualizaré el post poco a poco. Las notas serán en inglés porque así es como hice el curso.
Las definiciones de los diferentes servicios las tomo de o bien la documentación de AWS o bien de los comentarios del instructor del curso que hice.
Topics covered: S3
S3cmd con role
s3cmd es un binario bastante útil si quieres hacer ciertas tareas con s3 y no picar código desde 0. Tuve un problema hace poco con él y tuve que investigar que pasaba. Lista de problemas:
ejecuto s3cmd y me da 403 forbidden access
- primero, importante, si estas gestionando algo heredado muy probablemente tienes un .cfg oculto con configuración. Conviene cambiarla porque puede estar en base a KEYS y puedes no ver que está pasando. Para empezar de 0 puedes moverlo a extensión diferente y por defecto ya no tendrá ninguna configuración
- definir las KEYS correctas si quieres un acceso programático a los recursos
- en caso de querer trabajar con roles, has de tener en cuenta la versión de s3cmd. Si tienes una versión antigua es posible que no funcione ni aunque tengas el rol correcto
- generar un rol adecuado de acceso a S3 y asignarlo a la instancia
Ejemplo tipo de policy:
{
"Version": "2012-10-17",
"Statement": [
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": "s3:*",
"Resource": [
"arn:aws:s3:::static08",
"arn:aws:s3:::static08/*"
]
}
]
}